Kylix (Drinking Vessel) with Woman Sacrificing

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Kylix (Drinking Vessel) with Woman Sacrificing

ArtistAttributed to Makron (painter) Greek

ArtistAttributed to Hieron (potter)

Dateabout 490-480 BCE

DimensionsH: 4 11/32 in (11 cm); diam. of lip: 11 13/32 in. (29 cm); diam. across handles: 14 3 /16 in. (36 cm); diam of foot: 4 1/8 in. (10.5 cm)

Mediumwheel-thrown, slip-decorated earthenware

ClassificationCeramics

Credit LinePurchased with funds from the Libbey Endowment, Gift of Edward Drummond Libbey

Object number

1972.55

On View

Toledo Museum of Art (2445 Monroe Street), Gallery, 02, Classic

Collections

Decorative Arts

Published ReferencesBoulter, Cedric G., and Kurt T. Luckner, Corpus vasorum antiquorum: Toledo Museum of Art, U.S.A. Fasc. 17, Toledo, 1976, p. 34, repr. pl. 53 and 54, graffito drawing fig. 9; profile drawing fig. 13.

"Treasures for Toledo," Toledo Museum of Art Museum News, vol. 19, nos. 2, 3, 1976, p. 47, repr.

"La Chronique des arts," Gazette des Beaux-Arts,, vol. 89, no. 1298, March 1977, p. 91.

Keuls, Eva C., "Attic vase-painting and the home textile industry," Ancient Greek art and iconography, Madison, 1983, pp. 225-226, repr. fig. 14.35 a-b.

Keuls, Eva C., The reign of the phallus: sexual politics in ancient Athens, New York, 1985, pp. 167-168, 223, figs. 141, 142, 204.

Bead, Mary, "Adopting an approach," in Rasmussen, Tom, ed., Looking at Greek vases, Cambridge, England, 1991, pp. 28-30, figs. 7, 8.

Hunt, Lynne, et. al., The challenge of the West, Lexington, MA, 1995, repr. p. 50, (col., det.).

Reden, Sitta von, Exchange in ancient Greece, London, 1995, p. 208 repr. pl. 5 a-c.

Roccos, Linda Jones, "The Kanephoros and her festival mantle in Greek Art," American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 99, no. 4, Oct. 1995, p. 647, fig. 2.

Kunisch, Norbert, Makron, Mainz, 1997, p. 179, pl. 64 (3 views).

Personalities from the past, Melbourne, 1997, repr. p. 90.

Vivante, Bella, ed., Women's roles in ancient civilizations: a reference guide, Westport, 1999, p. 231, fig. 8.1 and cover (det.).

Neils, Jenifer, "Others within the other; an intimate look at Hetairai and Maenads," in Cohen, Beth, ed., Not the classical ideal: Athens and the construction of the other in Greek art, Leiden, 2000-, p. 216, no. 47, 218, fig. 8.7.

Dillon, Matthew, Girls and women in classical Greek religion, London, Routledge, 2002, p. 39, 40, 307, n. 18, fig. 2.1.

Antigone & the Greek world, Cleveland, Ohio, Nexus, 1997, repr. (det. col.) on cover.

Rosenweig, Rachel, Worshipping Aphrodite: art and cult in classical Athens, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 2003, pp. 75, 76, 77, p. 131, n. 100, 102, 104, 105, figs. 63a-c.

Hunt, Lynn et al, The making of The West: people and cultures, Boston, Bedford/St. Martin's, 2005, p. 63, repr. (col.).

Connelly, Joan Benton, Portrait of a priestess: Women and ritual in ancient Greece, Princeton, 2007, p. 15-16, 112, 228n 78, fig. 1.2. p. 16 and det. opp. p. 1.

Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo Museum of Art Masterworks, Toledo, 2009, p. 73, repr. (col.).

Nørskov, Vinnie, Lise Hannestad, Cornelia Isler-Kerényi, and Sian Lewis, Eds., The World of Greek Vases, Rome, Edizioni Quasar, 2009, p. 101-103, repr. (B&W) p. 102, figs. 11a and 11B.

Athanassaki, Lucia, ed., Apolline Politics and Poetics, Athens, The European Culture Centre of Delphi, 2009, p. 619, fig. 5, p. 630.

Albersmeier, Sabine, ed., Heroes! Mortals and Myths in Ancient Greece, Baltimore, MD, Walters Art Gallery, 2009, no. 78, p. 268, repr. (col.) pp. 268, 269.

Clare, Claudia, Subversive Ceramics, London, Bloomsbury, 2016, p., 37, fig. 2.1, repr. (col.) p. 36.

Exhibition HistoryBaltimore, The Walters Art Gallery; Dallas, Dallas Museum of Art, Pandora: Women in Classical Greece, 1995, no. 38, pp. 183-187, repr. pp. 184 (side A, col.) p. 185 (side B), p. 186 (det. interior).

Switzerland, Antikenmuseum und Sammlung Ludwig, 1995-96.

Baltimore, Walters Art Museum; Nashville, Frist Center for the Visual Arts; San Diego, San Diego Museum of Art; New York, Onassis Center, Heroes! Mortals and Myths in Ancient Greece, October 11, 2009 – January 3, 2011.

Toledo, Toledo Museum of Art, The Berlin Painter and His World: Athenian Vase Painting in the Early Fifth Century BC, July 8-October 1, 2017.

Comparative ReferencesSee also Beazley, John D., Attic Red-figure Vase-painters, 2nd ed., Oxford, 1963, p. 469, no. 149 (a similar but slightly later cup by Makron in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, no. 01.8022).

See also Caskey, L.D., and John D. Beazley, Attic Vase Paintings in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 1931-1963, part III, no. 141, pp. 39-40, and pl. 78 and 79,6.

See also Deubner, L. "Hochzeit und Opferkorb," Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archaeologischen Instituts, vol. 40, 1925, pp. 210 ff. (on the type of basket carried by the woman in the tondo).

See also Richter, G.M.A., American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 11, 1907, pp. 422-428 (on the type of basket).

See also Richter, G.M.A., "The Basket of the Kanephoroi," American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 30, 1926, pp. 422-426 (on the type of basket).

See also RIchter, G.M.A., Red-figure Athenian Vases in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New Haven, 1936, p. 215 ff., no. 169 (on the type of basket).

See also Sparkes, Brian and Lucy Talcott, The Athenian Agora, vol. XII, p. 182 f. (on the type of thymiaterion in the tondo).

Label TextThe image on the inside of the cup shows a well-dressed woman either making a sacrifice or dousing the flames on an altar after a sacrifice has been made. She thus represents the activities of a woman of the upper class. In contrast, the scene on the outside of the cup shows a series of pairs of men and women. The men bring gifts to the women, some of whom are seated on fine chairs and surrounded by luxurious objects, including a hand mirror. The women are hetairai, a rather fluid designation that included both professional entertainers and prostitutes. A hetaira was expected to be beautiful, cultured, and literate, somewhat like a geisha in Japanese culture.