Squat Cylindrical Bottle with One Handle (Jug)

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Squat Cylindrical Bottle with One Handle (Jug)

Place of OriginCyprus, excavated by 1873

Date2nd-3rd century CE

DimensionsGlass Dimensions: 3 5/8 × 1 3/8 × 3 1/2 in. (9.2 × 3.5 × 8.9 cm)

Mediumglass

ClassificationGlass

Credit LineMuseum Purchase

Object number

1916.163

Not on View

DescriptionThis squat cylindrical jug is made of transparent natural pale green glass (10 G 6/2), including a similarly colored handle. The vessel was free-blown and finished with tooling. Its cylindrical body and slightly concave shoulder indicate it may have been partially shaped in a one-part mold. The neck is cylindrical with a constriction at the base, and the collar rim is elaborately folded outward, downward, outward again, and upward. A broad, single handle with four pronounced vertical ribs extends from the shoulder to the neck. Excess glass from the handle application was folded first upward against the neck and then backward across the top of the handle. The vessel's base is flattened, and there is no evidence of a pontil mark.

Label TextThis small object marks a formative moment in the Toledo Museum of Art’s “teenage years.” In 1916, the museum made a deliberate decision to collect Greek and Roman antiquities more systematically, acquiring a group of eighty-eight ceramic, bronze, and glass objects from the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. All were excavated on Cyprus by Luigi Palma di Cesnola (1832–1904), the Met’s first president, and entered Toledo’s collection when the institution was still defining the scope of its antiquities holdings.

The bronze objects (1916.134–1916.149) reflect Cyprus’s early mastery of copper, a resource so central to the island that its Latin name, cuprum, derives from Cyprus itself. Bronze Age weapons, including a dagger (1916.149), attest to early casting traditions, while later Roman-period tools reveal long-term continuity in everyday practices. Tweezers (1916.147), cosmetic implements (1916.144–145), mirrors (1916.135–136), and a rare buckle (1916.146) point to routines of personal care across centuries.

The glass vessels (1916.150–1916.165) document a different technological transformation. Most are Roman blown glass, produced after the invention of the blowpipe in the first century BCE, a development that shifted glassmaking from a luxury craft to large-scale production. One earlier ribbed bowl (1916.153), formed by slumping glass over a mold, preserves an older and more labor-intensive technique.

The acquisition also included several dozen ceramic vessels. Over time, the scope of the museum’s collection evolved, and most of these ceramics were later deaccessioned. Two Archaic vessels from Cyprus, a stamnos (1916.79) and an oinochoe (1916.96), remain in the collection as representatives of this early phase of collecting.